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the Giving Review

the Giving Review

Independent analysis of and commentary about philanthropy and giving Co-edited by William A. Schambra, Daniel P. Schmidt, and Michael E. Hartmann

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501(c)(4)

Renée A. Irvin

A conversation with the University of Oregon’s Renée A. Irvin (Part 2 of 2)

Michael E. Hartmann

The economist and scholar of the nonprofit sector and philanthropy talks to Michael E. Hartmann about her recent article, “How Dark Is It? An Investigation of Dark Money Operations in U.S. Nonprofit Political Advocacy Organizations,” applies some economic analysis to the use of §501 (c)(4)s, and contemplates potential policy reform of (c)(4) status.

Full Article
11Jul2023
Renée A. Irvin

A conversation with the University of Oregon’s Renée A. Irvin (Part 1 of 2)

Michael E. Hartmann

The economist and scholar of the nonprofit sector and philanthropy talks to Michael E. Hartmann about the definition(s) of “dark money,” and her recent article, “How Dark Is It? An Investigation of Dark Money Operations in U.S. Nonprofit Political Advocacy Organizations.”

Full Article
10Jul2023

What were (c)(4)s before what (c)(4)s are?

Donald A. Daugherty, Jr. & Michael E. Hartmann

In the decades before “darkness” was deemed descriptive.

Full Article
18Sep2020
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